Tennessee’s Bureau of Investigation (TBI) forensic drug chemistry unit confirmed its first case with nitazenes in late 2019. From January 2021 to December 2023 the forensic drug chemistry unit reported 344 cases positive for nitazenes. 227 of these cases (66%) reported one or more additional drugs in the sample, fentanyl and heroin were the most…
As Cannabis use continues to rise worldwide, more research is needed in the antemortem and postmortem toxicology of THC and its metabolites. Postmortem toxicology is crucial for death investigations but can be challenging due to postmortem redistribution (PMR). Blood and urine are the preferred samples for analysis, but may not always be available during a…
The abuse of fentanyl, a synthetic opioid, is well known in humans. However, its misuse is becoming more popular in horseracing to enhance the performance of the racehorses. Fentanyl has both an analgesic and stimulatory effect on horses. The use of fentanyl in equine sports is prohibited by both the Association of Racing Commissioners International…
Drug trends in some regions of the world are extensively studied while in other regions little to no research has been done. For example, countless studies have been performed in the United States of America while in the midst of its opioid epidemic. Meanwhile, in the Arabian Gulf region, only a few studies have been…
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